Abstract
Studies have shown that the formation of emotion as self-awareness and cognitive appraisal process is complicated and can lead to idiosyncratic differences. Subject’s self emotion evaluation process could be biased due to factors of environment, personal experience, and one’s own cognitive ability, and the true affective state may be neglected (un-noticeable) due to an unconscious mental process. In this work, we present a comprehensive study to investigate the emotion recognition accuracy obtained using physiology with respect to different annotation schemes, i.e., intended, self-reported, and observed emotion labels. We found that when performing recognition across these three different labeling schemes using the same physiological parameters, the accuracy of the self-reported emotion labels results in about 10.3% and 3.1% drop when compared to two other annotation schemes. It indicates that self-assessed emotion labels may be noisier and induces a larger mismatch with respect to the affectstimulated physiological responses. Further analysis shows that the electrodermal activity signal has the highest recognition rate with respect to the intended emotion of the stimuli. Finally, our error analysis reveals that there may exist a bias in the selfannotated label that is conditioned on the intended stimuli’s valence polarity.